[
  {
    "phenotype_id": "PH4404",
    "phenotype_version_id": 9623,
    "name": "Polypharmacy",
    "definition": "This phenotype identifies individuals with evidence of polypharmacy recorded in routinely collected electronic health records. Polypharmacy is a recognised risk factor for falls because of increased medication burden, adverse drug effects, and drug–drug interactions that may impair balance, cognition, or blood pressure regulation. The phenotype is intended for use in studies of falls risk assessment, epidemiology, risk prediction, and evaluation of fall prevention interventions. Case ascertainment is based on prescribing records indicating concurrent use of multiple medications.\n",
    "implementation": "",
    "publications": [
      {
        "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-55527-4",
        "details": "Lear, R., Tao, R., Carenzo, C. et al. Identifying high-risk patient clusters for falls using unsupervised machine learning on linked primary and secondary care electronic health record data. Sci Rep (2026).",
        "primary": 1
      }
    ],
    "validation": "",
    "citation_requirements": "",
    "created": "2026-07-10T11:48:25.563255Z",
    "author": "Rachael Lear, Rachel Tao, Catalina Carenzo, Ekin Yagis, Zhuoyu Li, Maria Tipper, Agnes Motsi, Sharon O’Malley, Yusuf Abdullahi, Ben Glampson, Colin Mitchell, Erik K Mayer",
    "collections": null,
    "tags": null,
    "organisation": null,
    "world_access": 1,
    "updated": "2026-07-10T11:48:25.557491Z",
    "sex": [
      {
        "name": "Both",
        "value": "3"
      }
    ],
    "type": [
      {
        "name": "Lifestyle risk factor",
        "value": "4"
      }
    ],
    "ontology": null,
    "phenoflowid": "",
    "data_sources": null,
    "coding_system": [
      {
        "name": "SNOMED  CT codes",
        "value": 9
      }
    ],
    "event_date_range": "",
    "concept_information": [
      {
        "concept_id": 11449,
        "concept_version_id": 18934,
        "concept_name": "fall-risk-factor/polypharmacy",
        "coding_system": {
          "id": 9,
          "name": "SNOMED  CT codes",
          "description": "SNOMED CT codes"
        },
        "phenotype_id": "PH4404",
        "phenotype_version_id": 9623,
        "phenotype_name": "Polypharmacy",
        "code_attribute_header": null,
        "codes": [
          {
            "code": "182848008",
            "description": "Patient on numerous drugs (finding)",
            "attributes": null
          },
          {
            "code": "401139002",
            "description": "On four or more medications (finding)",
            "attributes": null
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "status": 1,
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48533/f6zz-ay47",
    "is_deleted": false,
    "publish_status": 2,
    "owner": "Zhuoyu.Li",
    "template": {
      "id": 1,
      "name": "Clinical-Coded Phenotype",
      "description": "Phenotype definitions that are based on lists of clinical codes, or algorithms using clinical codes.",
      "version_id": 1
    },
    "versions": [
      {
        "version_id": 9623,
        "version_name": "Polypharmacy",
        "version_date": "2026-07-10T11:48:25.572419Z",
        "is_published": true,
        "is_latest": true
      }
    ]
  }
]