{
  "id": 11687,
  "label": "infantile-onset X-linked spinal muscular atrophy",
  "model": {
    "label": "Mondo Disease Ontology (MONDO)",
    "source": 0
  },
  "type_id": 0,
  "reference_id": "MONDO:0010532",
  "properties": {
    "xrefs": [
      "DOID:0111827",
      "GARD:0008521",
      "MEDGEN:337123",
      "MESH:C535380",
      "OMIM:301830",
      "Orphanet:1145",
      "SCTID:719836007",
      "UMLS:C1844934"
    ],
    "synonyms": [
      "SMAX2",
      "X-linked distal arthrogryposis multiplex congenita",
      "X-linked spinal muscular atrophy type 2",
      "spinal muscular atrophy with arthrogryposis",
      "spinal muscular atrophy, X-linked 2, infantile, X-linked recessive",
      "spinal muscular atrophy, X-linked type 2",
      "AMC, distal, X-linked",
      "arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, distal, X-linked",
      "arthrogryposis, X-linked, type 1",
      "spinal muscular atrophy, X-linked 2",
      "spinal muscular atrophy, X-linked lethal infantile",
      "spinal muscular atrophy, infantile X-linked"
    ],
    "categories": [
      {
        "ref": "MONDO:0005071",
        "name": "nervous system disorder"
      }
    ],
    "definition": "A rare form of spinal muscular atrophy characterized by the neonatal onset of severe hypotonia, areflexia, profound weakness, multiple congenital contractures, facial dysmorphic features (myopathic face with open, tent-shaped mouth), cryptorchidism, and mild skeletal abnormalities (i.e. kyphosis, scoliosis), that is often preceded by polyhydramnios and reduced fetal movements in utero and followed by bone fractures shortly after birth. SMAX2 patients often have a limited life span, often succumbing to the disease within 2 years, as muscle weakness is progressive and chest muscle involvement eventually leads to ventilatory insufficiency and respiratory failure."
  },
  "isLeaf": true,
  "isRoot": false,
  "child_count": 0,
  "parents": [
    {
      "id": 3724,
      "label": "spinal muscular atrophy",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        5143,
        21302
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:12377",
          "EFO:0008525",
          "GARD:0007674",
          "ICD9:335.1",
          "ICD9:335.10",
          "ICD9:335.19",
          "MEDGEN:7755",
          "MESH:D009134",
          "NANDO:1200003",
          "NANDO:2100231",
          "NANDO:2200853",
          "NCIT:C85075",
          "OMIMPS:253300",
          "SCTID:5262007",
          "UMLS:C0026847",
          "icd11.foundation:71074342"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005071",
            "name": "nervous system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A motor neuron disease that affect the muscles, and characterized by muscle weakness and atrophy resulting from progressive degeneration and irreversible loss of the anterior horn cells in the spinal cord (i.e., lower motor neurons) and the brain stem nuclei. The severity of the condition; the associated signs and symptoms; and the age at which symptoms develop varies by subtype. In general, people with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) experience progressive weakness and atrophy of muscles involved in mobility, the ability to sit unassisted, and head control. Breathing and swallowing may also be affected in severe cases. SMA is generally caused by changes (mutations) in the SMN1 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Extra copies of the SMN2 gene modify the severity of SMA. Rare autosomal dominant (caused by mutations in DYNC1H1, BICD2, or VAPB genes) and X-linked (caused by mutations in UBA1) forms of SMA exist. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person."
      },
      "child_count": 38,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0001516"
    },
    {
      "id": 4427,
      "label": "congenital nervous system disorder",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6799
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:2490",
          "ICD9:742",
          "MEDGEN:105425",
          "NCIT:C97172",
          "UMLS:C0497552"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "congenital abnormality of the nervous system",
          "congenital nervous system disorder"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005071",
            "name": "nervous system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "An abnormality of the nervous system that is present at birth or detected in the neonatal period."
      },
      "child_count": 217,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0002320"
    },
    {
      "id": 16094,
      "label": "arthrogryposis multiplex congenita",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        5714,
        16118
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:0080954",
          "GARD:0000777",
          "ICD10CM:Q74.3",
          "MEDGEN:1830310",
          "MedDRA:10051643",
          "NORD:810",
          "OMIMPS:617468",
          "Orphanet:1037",
          "UMLS:C5779613",
          "icd11.foundation:1930990330"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "AMC",
          "Arthromyodysplasia congenita",
          "arthrogryposis multiplex congenita",
          "congenital arthromyodysplasia",
          "multiple congenital arthrogryposis",
          "myodysplasia",
          "Guerin-Stern syndrome",
          "Guérin-Stern syndrome",
          "Otto syndrome",
          "Rossi syndrome",
          "amyoplasia congenita",
          "congenital amyoplasia",
          "fibrous ankylosis of multiple joints",
          "myodystrophia fetalis deformans",
          "rocher-Sheldon syndrome"
        ],
        "definition": "Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a group of disorders characterized by congenital limb contractures. It manifests as limitation of movement of multiple limb joints at birth that is usually non-progressive and may include muscle weakness and fibrosis. AMC is always associated with decreased intrauterine fetal movement which leads secondarily to the contractures."
      },
      "child_count": 48,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0015168"
    }
  ],
  "children": [],
  "roots": [
    {
      "id": 3724,
      "label": "spinal muscular atrophy"
    },
    {
      "id": 4427,
      "label": "congenital nervous system disorder"
    },
    {
      "id": 16094,
      "label": "arthrogryposis multiplex congenita"
    }
  ]
}